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		<h1>Cổng Truy cập Mở toàn cầu&#x3A; Nước Mỹ</h1>
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			<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Global Open Access Portal </span></b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">United States of America</span></b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="font-weight: normal"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Theo: </span></span><a href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/portals-and-platforms/goap/access-by-region/europe-and-north-america/usa/"><span style="font-weight: normal"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/portals-and-platforms/goap/access-by-region/europe-and-north-america/usa/</span></span></a></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Nước Mỹ đã ôm lấy các nguyên tắc của Truy cập Mở - OA (Open Access) khi phát triển ERIC và MEDLINE vào năm 1960. Các sáng kiến như PubMed Central tiếp tục và chào các tiện ích kho và truy cập tới các tài nguyên hàn lâm y học. Cho tới <b>tháng 5/2015</b>, có <a href="http://www.opendoar.org/find.php" target="_blank">469</a> kho OA được đăng ký trên <a href="http://opendoar.org/find.php" target="_blank">OpenDOAR</a> và <a href="https://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22_type%22%3A%22journal%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22index.country.exact%22%3A%22United%20States%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A10%7D" target="_blank">1053</a> tạp chí OA từ Mỹ được đánh chỉ mục trong <a href="https://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22_type%22%3A%22journal%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22index.country.exact%22%3A%22United%20States%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A10%7D" target="_blank">DOAJ</a>, làm cho Mỹ trở thành nhà xuất bản OA lớn nhất thế giới.</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Thư mục các Tài nguyên Hàn lâm Truy cập Mở - ROAD (<a href="http://road.issn.org/en" target="_blank">Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources</a>) hiện liệt kê <a href="http://road.issn.org/issn_search?afs:filter=roadType%3D%22Scholarly+blogs%22&amp;afs:filter=country%3D%22USA%22#.VZ5CZjgw_IU" target="_blank">1</a> Blog Hàn lâm từ Mỹ. </p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Cho tới <b>tháng 2/2015</b>, <a href="http://roarmap.eprints.org/view/country/840.html" target="_blank">127</a> chính sách OA được đăng ký trên <a href="http://roarmap.eprints.org/" target="_blank">ROARMAP</a>.</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Môi trường xúc tác: </b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Có sự hỗ trợ mạnh mẽ cho Truy cập Mở ở Mỹ. <a href="http://publicaccess.nih.gov/policy.htm" target="_blank">Chỉ thị của NIH</a> bắt buộc ký gửi nghiên cứu y học. Tới tháng 5/2015, Mỹ có 5 chỉ thị cấp vốn được đăng ký trên <a href="http://roarmap.eprints.org/view/country/840.html" target="_blank">ROARMAP</a> và hơn 50 chỉ thị cấp cơ sở trong các cơ sở công và tư, các trường đại học nghiên cứu và các trường cao đẳng nghệ thuật tự do.</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Vào tháng 2/2013, chính phủ Mỹ đã công bố chính sách OA mới của mình, đã bắt buộc tất cả các xuất bản phẩm phát sinh từ nghiên cứu từ tiền của người đóng thuế sẽ phải được làm để tự do đọc được sau một giai đoạn cấm vận 1 năm. Đây là sự mở rộng trong chính sách đã có cho tới khi đó chỉ áp dụng cho các khoa học y sinh.</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Các rào cản tiềm tàng: </b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Các rào cản chính là sự hiểu sai rộng khắp về OA; sự vận động hành lang của việc xuất bản được cấp vốn tốt. </p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Các dự án/các sáng kiến chính: </b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Mỹ có nhiều dự án OA của các cơ sở và có tính cộng tác, một dự án quan trọng hiện hành là của Creative Commons (CC). Raising the Floor Consortium (Nhóm Nâng Sàn) là sự cộng tác giữa Creative Commons (CC), Sáng kiến Học tập Mở - OLI (Open Learning Initiative) của Đại học Carnegie Mellon, Trung tâm Công nghệ Ứng dụng Đặc biệt - CAST (Center for Applied Special Technology) và Ban lãnh đạo Bang Washington của các trường Cao đẳng Cộng đồng và Kỹ thuật - SBCTC (Washington State Board for Community &amp; Technical Colleges). (Nguồn: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Creative Commons</a>)</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Các trang web sau đây đưa ra các tin tức và thông tin hiện hành về các sáng kiến OA:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://amsci-forum.amsci.org/archives/American-Scientist-Open-Access-Forum.html" target="_blank">American Scientist Open Access Forum</a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://www.news.ku.edu/2011/august/3/openaccess.shtml" target="_blank">Coalition of Open Access Policy Institutions (COAPI)</a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/hoap" target="_blank">Harvard Open Access Project</a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://oad.simmons.edu/" target="_blank">Open Access Directory (OAD)</a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/OA_tracking_project" target="_blank">OA Tracking Project (OATP)</a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/archive.htm" target="_blank">SPARC Open Access Newsletter</a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://openaccess.eprints.org/" target="_blank">Open Access Archivangelism by Stevan Harnad</a></p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Các chính sách/các chỉ thị mức Quốc gia và Cơ sở: </b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Viện Y học Quốc gia - NIH (National Institutes of Health)</b>, nhà cấp vốn nghiên cứu y tế lớn nhất có <a href="http://publicaccess.nih.gov/policy.htm" target="_blank">chỉ thị</a> yêu cầu ký gửi OA trong vòng 12 tháng của xuất bản phẩm.</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Lập pháp ủng hộ OA của Mỹ được đề xuất trong Luật Truy cập Công khai các Nghiên cứu của Liên bang - FRPPA (<b>Federal Research Public Access Act</b>) Luật Nhà nước 111-358 có thể yêu cầu tất cả các cơ quan nghiên cứu của liên bang với ngân sách nghiên cứu 100 triệu USD mỗi năm phải làm cho kết quả đầu ra nghiên cứu sẵn sàng theo truy cập mở trong vòng 6 tháng. Đã được đề xuất 2 lần như vẫn còn chưa được biểu quyết.</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Có 7 chỉ thị cấp vốn đang hoạt động ở Mỹ từ: </p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF)</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Institute of Educational Sciences (IES)</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">MacArthur Foundation</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">National Institutes of Health (NIH)</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Phelan-McDermid Syndrome Foundation.</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Các chi tiết của các Tổ chức chính: </b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Liên minh về Truy cập của Người đóng thuế </b><b><a href="http://www.taxpayeraccess.org/" target="_blank">ATA</a> (Alliance for Taxpayer Access)</b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Tổng quan: ATA là liên minh các nhóm của các bệnh nhân, thầy thuốc, các nhà nghiên cứu, các cơ sở giáo dục, các nhà xuất bản, và các tổ chức quảng bá y tế được SPARC điều hành và làm việc hướng tới truy cập mở đối với các nghiên cứu được cấp tiền từ những người đóng thuế.</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><i>Địa </i><i>chỉ giao dịch</i>: Liên minh về Truy cập của Người đóng thuế (Alliance for Taxpayer Access), c/o SPARC, 21 Dupont Circle NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036 USA; e-mail: <a >jennifer(at)arl.org</a></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Nhóm làm việc về Truy cập Mở - <a href="http://www.arl.org/sparc/advocacy/oawg.shtml" target="_blank">OAWG</a> (Open Access Working Group)</b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Tổng quan: OAWG, được SPARC khởi xướng vào năm 2003, để xây dựng khung biện hộ có tính tập thể của truy cập mở đối với nghiên cứu. Nhóm này tìm cách xây dựng sự thừa nhận rộng rãi rằng các lợi ích kinh tế và xã hội của các đầu tư vào nghiên cứu khoa học và hàn lâm được tối đa hóa thông qua truy cập mở tới các kết quả nghiên cứu đó. OAWG nhằm mang tới những hay đổi trong các cơ sở của các bên tham gia đóng góp xúc tác cho các mô hình truy cập mở có khả năng trụ vững sẽ được triển khai và áp dụng rộng rãi và thàng công. (Nguồn: OAWG).</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><i>Địa </i><i>chỉ giao dịch</i>: SPARC 21 Dupont Circle, NW. Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036; e-mail: <a >sparc(at)arl.org</a></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Tri thức Công khai – PK (<a href="http://www.publicknowledge.org/" target="_blank">Public Knowledge</a>)</b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Tổng quan: Tri thức Công khai là nhóm lợi ích nhà nước có trụ sở ở Washington D.C, làm việc để bảo vệ các quyền công dân trong văn hóa số đang nổi lên. Tri thức Công khai sẽ tìm cách làm thỏa mãn 4 mục tiêu lớn: Đảm bảo rằng luật và chính sách về <span style="background: transparent">sở hữu trí tuệ </span>của nước Mỹ phản ánh “sự mặc cả về văn hóa” được các khuôn khổ hiến pháp nhằm tới: đưa ra sự khuyến khích cho những người sáng tạo và những người đổi mới trong khi làm lợi cho công chúng qua dòng chảy tự do của thông tin và các ý tưởng; Việc giữ cho Internet được xây dựng dựa vào các tiêu chuẩn và giao thức mở và kiến trúc “từ điểm này tới điểm kia”, vì thế thúc đẩy đổi mới và sự kiểm soát của người sử dụng; Bảo vệ những người tiêu dùng cộng nghệ số khỏi các thực hành của thị trường được thiết kế để làm xói mòn sự cạnh tranh, sự lựa chọn và sự công bằng; Đảm bảo rằng các chính sách về <span style="background: transparent">sở hữu trí tuệ </span>quốc tế được áp dụng qua các quy trình dân chủ và với sự tham gia vì lợi ích của công chúng. (Nguồn: PK).</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><i>Địa </i><i>chỉ giao dịch</i><i>:</i> Public Knowledge, 1818 N Street, NW, Suite 410, Washington, DC 20036; e-mail: <a >pk(at)publicknowledge.org</a></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Liên minh các Tài nguyên Hàn lâm Xuất bản Nghiên cứu hàn lâm - <a href="http://www.arl.org/sparc/" target="_blank">SPARC</a> (Scholarly Publishing Academic Resources Coalition)</b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Tổng quan: SPARC là liên minh quốc tế các thư viện hàn lâm và nghiên cứu làm việc để sửa cho đúng sự mất cân bằng trogn hệ thống xuất bản hàn lâm. Được Hiệp hội các Thư viện Nghiên cứu phát triển, SPARC đã trở thành chất xúc tác cho sự thay đổi. Hành động của SPARC có sự cộng tác với các bên tham gia đóng góp - bao gồm các tác giả, các nhà xuất bản, và các thư viện - xây dựng trong các cơ hội chưa từng thấy được môi trường số kết nối mạng tạo ra để thúc đẩy triển khai nghiên cứu hàn lâm. Các tổ chức hàn lâm hàng đầu đã xác nhận SPARC. (Nguồn: SPARC).</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><i>Địa </i><i>chỉ giao dịch</i><i>:</i> SPARC, 21 Dupont Circle, NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036; e-mail: <a >sparc(at)arl.org</a></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Các dự án/các sáng kiến Truy cập Mở theo chủ đề </b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Có các bộ sưu tập đặc biệt đã được số hóa trong hầu hết các trường đại học và các tổ chức nghiên cứu.</p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Các hoạt động có liên quan tới OA trong quá khứ và tương lai: </b></p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>29-30/</strong><strong>3/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- Library Publishing Forum 2015, Portland, Oregon, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>25/</strong><strong>3/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- &quot;How GW&#039;s OA Policy Works for You&quot;, George Washington University, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>19/</strong><strong>3/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- Open Humanities and Digital Scholarship: Access, Innovation and Support, Boston, MA, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>11-12/</strong><strong>3/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- Center for Open Science Workshop, University of California, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>10/</strong><strong>3/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- Introduction to Authors&#039; Rights, CUNY, New York, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>27/</strong><strong>2/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- Open Textbook Workshop, Virginia Tech, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>19 Feb 2015</strong>- Open Science Workshop, University of Maryland, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>17/</strong><strong>2/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- Paving the Way for Open Educational Resources, Ohio State University, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>12/</strong><strong>2/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- How to Share Your Data and Ethically Re-Use Data Created by Others, University of Minnesota, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>29-30/</strong><strong>1/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- Tackling Textbook Costs Through Open Educational Resources: A Primer, Chicago, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong>29/</strong><strong>1/</strong><strong>2015</strong>- Publishing Choices: Evaluating Traditional and Open Access Journals, George Mason University, USA.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/brianhole/sustainable-successful-open-data-publication" target="_blank">Xuất bản Dữ liệu Mở Bền vững, Thành công</a>, Hội nghị Giám tuyển Số Quốc tế, San Francisco, US, <strong>25/</strong><strong>2/</strong><strong>2014</strong>. </p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Mời Webcast: Open Access Week Idea Swap, 2011;</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Hội nghị Truy cập Mở Berlin9: Ảnh hưởng của Truy cập Mở trong Nghiên cứu và Hàn lâm 9-10/11/2011, Washington DC được tổ chức chung bởi SPARC, Max Planck Society, Hiệp hội các Thư viện Nghiên cứu, Howard Hughes Medical Institute và Marine Biological Laboratory.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://www.arl.org/sparc/meetings/oa12/" target="_blank">SPARC 2012 Cuộc họp về Truy cập Mở năm 2012 của SPARC</a> được tổ chức vào các ngày 11-13/3/2012 tại Khách sạn Kansas City Intercontinental.</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b>Danh sách các xuất bản phẩm </b></p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Albert, K (2006) Open access: implications for scholarly publishing and medical libraries J Med Libr Assoc.; 94(3): 253–262.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Bastian, J et.al (2011) From Teacher to Learner to User: Developing a Digital Stewardship Pedagogy Library Trends, Volume 59 (4) Spring 2011: 607-622 &nbsp;<br  />
	DOI: 10.1353/lib.2011.0012</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Björk B-C, Welling P, Laakso M, Majlender P, Hedlund T, et al. (2010) Open Access to the Scientific Journal Literature: Situation 2009. PLoS ONE 5(6): e11273. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011273<br  />
	Boissy, R., &amp; Schatz, B. (2011). Scholarly Communications from the Publisher Perspective. Journal of Library Administration, 51(5/6), 476-484. doi:10.1080/01930826.2011.589355 </p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">De Bellis, N (2009) Bibliometrics and Citation analysis: From the Science Citation Index to Cybernetics. Scarecrow Press: Lanham, MD</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Gargouri Y, Hajjem C, Larivière V, Gingras Y, Carr L, et al. (2010) Self-Selected or Mandated, Open Access Increases Citation Impact for Higher Quality Research. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13636. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0013636</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Dazey, M., &amp; Parks, B. (2010) Thoughts on Open Access: An Interview with Diane Graves. Serials Review, 36(2), 112-115. doi:10.1016/j.serrev.2010.03.002</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Greco, A.N. et.al (2007) The Changing College and University Library Market for University Press Books and Journals: 1997–2004 Journal of Scholarly Publishing, Vol 39, (1) October 2007: 265-296.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">DOI: 10.1353/scp.2007.0032</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Suber, P (2011) <a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/09-02-11.htm#9/11" target="_blank">Access to dangerous knowledge: reflections on 9/11 ten years later,</a> SPARC Open Access Newsletter, September 2, 2011.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Suber, P (2011) <a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/02-02-11.htm#taaccct" target="_blank">Another US federal OA mandate,</a> SPARC Open Access Newsletter, February 2, 2011.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Suber, P (2006) <a href="http://eprints.rclis.org/6671/" target="_blank">Open Access in the United States</a>, In Open Access: Key Strategic, Technical and Economic Aspects (ed. Neil Jacobs, 2006).<br  />
	Suber, P (2011) <a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/01-02-11.htm#2010" target="_blank">Open access in 2010, </a>SPARC Open Access Newsletter, January 2, 2011.<br  />
	Suber, P <a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/archive.htm" target="_blank">SPARC Open Access Newsletter</a> (online newsletter offering news, information and debate on OA issues; updated monthly)<br  />
	Utter, T &amp; Holley, R. P (2009). The Scholarly Communication Process within the University Research Corridor (Michigan State University, the University of Michigan, and Wayne State University): A Case Study in Cooperation. Resource Sharing &amp; Information Networks, 20(1/2), 3-17. Doi: 10.1080/07377790903018444 </p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Van der Veer Martens, B Approaching the Anti-Collection Library Trends, Volume 59, (4) Spring 2011: 568-587 DOI: 10.1353/lib.2011.0021 </p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Vrana, R. (2011) Digital repositories and the future of preservation and use of scientific Informatologia, 44(1), 55-62. </p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Young, P. (2009). Open access dissemination challenges: a case study. OCLC Systems &amp; Services, 25(2), 93-104. Doi: 10.1108/10650750910961893 </p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Wagner, A. B (2009) A&amp;I, Full Text, and Open Access: Prophecy from the Trenches Learned Publishing, Vol 22, (1) January 2009: 73-74.</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%">Nội dung của trang này được cấp phép <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/" target="_blank">CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0.</a></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">The USA embraced OA principles in the 1960’s developing ERIC and MEDLINE. Initiatives e.g. PubMed Central continue and offer repository facilities and access to international medical scholarship. As of </span><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">May 2015</span></b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">, there are <a href="http://www.opendoar.org/find.php" target="_blank">469</a> OA&nbsp;repositories registered in<a href="http://opendoar.org/find.php" target="_blank"> </a><a href="http://opendoar.org/find.php" target="_blank">OpenDOAR</a>&nbsp;and <a href="https://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22_type%22%3A%22journal%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22index.country.exact%22%3A%22United%20States%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A10%7D" target="_blank">1053</a>&nbsp;OA journals from&nbsp;USA indexed in <a href="https://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22_type%22%3A%22journal%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22index.country.exact%22%3A%22United%20States%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A10%7D" target="_blank">DOAJ</a>, making it the world’s largest OA publisher. </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">The <a href="http://road.issn.org/en" target="_blank">Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources (ROAD)</a> currently lists <a href="http://road.issn.org/issn_search?afs:filter=roadType%3D%22Scholarly+blogs%22&amp;afs:filter=country%3D%22USA%22#.VZ5CZjgw_IU" target="_blank">1</a> Scholarly Blog from USA. </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">As of </span><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">February 2015</span></b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">, <a href="http://roarmap.eprints.org/view/country/840.html" target="_blank">127</a> OA policies are registered in <a href="http://roarmap.eprints.org/" target="_blank">ROARMAP</a>.&nbsp;</span></p>

<h4 align="justify" class="western" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Enabling Environment:</span></h4>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">There is strong support for Open Access in USA. The <a href="http://publicaccess.nih.gov/policy.htm" target="_blank">NIH mandate</a> mandates the deposit of medical&nbsp; research. As of May 2015,&nbsp;USA has 4&nbsp;funding mandates registered in <a href="http://roarmap.eprints.org/view/country/840.html" target="_blank">ROARMAP</a>&nbsp;and over 50 institutional mandates at&nbsp;public and private institutions, research universities and liberal arts colleges. </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">In Feb 2013, the US government announced its new OA policy which mandated all publications arising from taxpayer-funded research to be made free to read after a one year embargo period. This is an expansion on a policy that had till then applied only to the biomedical sciences.</span></p>

<h4 align="justify" class="western" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Potential Barriers:</span></h4>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Major barriers are widespread misunderstanding around OA; a well-funded publishing lobby. </span></p>

<h4 align="justify" class="western" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Major Projects/Initiatives: </span></h4>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">USA has many institutional and collaborative OA projects, an important current project being that of the Creative Commons (CC).<br  />
Raising the Floor Consortium is a collaboration between Creative Commons (CC), Carnegie Mellon Open Learning Initiative (OLI), Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST) and the Washington State Board for Community &amp; Technical Colleges (SBCTC). (Source: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Creative Commons</a>)</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">The following websites give current news and information on OA initiatives:</span></p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://amsci-forum.amsci.org/archives/American-Scientist-Open-Access-Forum.html" target="_blank"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">American Scientist Open Access Forum</span></a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://www.news.ku.edu/2011/august/3/openaccess.shtml" target="_blank"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Coalition of Open Access Policy Institutions (COAPI)</span></a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/hoap" target="_blank"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Harvard Open Access Project</span></a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://oad.simmons.edu/" target="_blank"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Open Access Directory (OAD)</span></a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/OA_tracking_project" target="_blank"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">OA Tracking Project (OATP)</span></a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/archive.htm" target="_blank"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">SPARC Open Access Newsletter</span></a></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><a href="http://openaccess.eprints.org/" target="_blank"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Open Access Archivangelism by Stevan Harnad</span></a></p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h4 align="justify" class="western" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">National and Institutional Level Policies/Mandates: </span></h4>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">National Institutes of Health</span></b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);"> (NIH), largest medical research funder has a <a href="http://publicaccess.nih.gov/policy.htm" target="_blank">mandate</a> requiring OA deposit within 12 months of publication. </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">USA pro-OA legislation proposed in America <b>Federal Research Public Access Act</b> (FRPPA) Public Law 111-358 would require all federal research agencies with a research budget of $100 million per year to make research output available in open access within 6 months. It has been proposed twice but remains to be voted on. </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">There are 7 funding mandates operating in USA from:</span></p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF)</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Institute of Educational Sciences (IES)</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">MacArthur Foundation</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">National Institutes of Health (NIH)</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Phelan-McDermid Syndrome Foundation.</span></p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h4 align="justify" class="western" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Details of Key Organizations: </span></h4>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Alliance for Taxpayer Access (<a href="http://www.taxpayeraccess.org/" target="_blank">ATA</a>)</span></b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Overview: ATA is a consortium of patient groups, physicians, researchers, educational institutions, publishers, and health promotion organizations administered by SPARC and working towards open access of taxpayer-funded research. </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Communication address:</span></i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);"> Alliance for Taxpayer Access, c/o SPARC, 21 Dupont Circle NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036 USA; e-mail: <a >jennifer(at)arl.org</a></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Open Access Working Group (<a href="http://www.arl.org/sparc/advocacy/oawg.shtml" target="_blank">OAWG</a>)</span></b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Overview: OAWG, initiated by SPARC in 2003, to build a framework for collective advocacy of open access to research. The group seeks to build broad-based recognition that the economic and societal benefits of scientific and scholarly research investments are maximized through open access to the results of that research. OAWG aims to bring about changes within stakeholder institutions enabling viable open access models to be widely and successfully implemented and accepted. (Source: OAWG) </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Communication address:</span></i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);"> SPARC 21 Dupont Circle, NW. Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036; e-mail: <a >sparc(at)arl.org</a></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);"><a href="http://www.publicknowledge.org/" target="_blank">Public Knowledge</a> (PK)</span></b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Overview: Public Knowledge is a Washington, D.C.-based public interest group working to defend citizens&#039; rights in the emerging digital culture. Public Knowledge will seek to fulfill four broad goals: Ensuring that U.S. intellectual property law and policy reflect the “cultural bargain” intended by the framers of the constitution: providing an incentive to creators and innovators while benefiting the public through the free flow of information and ideas; Preserving an Internet that is built upon open standards and protocols and “end-to-end” architecture, thereby fostering innovation and user control; Protecting consumers of digital technology from market practices designed to erode competition, choice and fairness; Ensuring that international intellectual property policies are adopted through democratic processes and with public interest participation. (Source: PK) </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Communication address:</span></i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);"> Public Knowledge, 1818 N Street, NW, Suite 410, Washington, DC 20036; e-mail: <a >pk(at)publicknowledge.org</a></span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><br  />
<b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Scholarly Publishing Academic Resources Coalition (<a href="http://www.arl.org/sparc/" target="_blank">SPARC</a>)</span></b></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Overview: SPARC is an international alliance of academic and research libraries working to correct imbalances in the scholarly publishing system. Developed by the Association of Research Libraries, SPARC has become a catalyst for change. Action by SPARC in collaboration with stakeholders – including authors, publishers, and libraries – builds on the unprecedented opportunities created by the networked digital environment to advance the conduct of scholarship. Leading academic organizations have endorsed SPARC. (Source: SPARC) </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Communication address:</span></i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);"> SPARC, 21 Dupont Circle, NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036; e-mail: <a >sparc(at)arl.org</a></span></p>

<h4 align="justify" class="western" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Thematic Open Access projects/Initiatives</span></h4>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">There are special collections that have been digitalised within most universities and research organisations.</span></p>

<h4 align="justify" class="western" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Past and Future OA Related Activities: </span></h4>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">29-30 March 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Library Publishing Forum 2015, Portland, Oregon, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">25 March 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- &quot;How GW&#039;s OA Policy Works for You&quot;, George Washington University, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">19 March 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Open Humanities and Digital Scholarship: Access, Innovation and Support, Boston, MA, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">11-12 March 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Center for Open Science Workshop, University of California, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">10 March 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Introduction to Authors&#039; Rights, CUNY, New York, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">27 Feb 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Open Textbook Workshop, Virginia Tech, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">19 Feb 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Open Science Workshop, University of Maryland, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">17 Feb 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Paving the Way for Open Educational Resources, Ohio State University, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">12 Feb 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- How to Share Your Data and Ethically Re-Use Data Created by Others, University of Minnesota, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">29-30 Jan 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Tackling Textbook Costs Through Open Educational Resources: A Primer, Chicago, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">29 Jan 2015</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">- Publishing Choices: Evaluating Traditional and Open Access Journals, George Mason University, USA.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/brianhole/sustainable-successful-open-data-publication" target="_blank">Sustainable, Successful Open Data Publication</a>, 9th International Digital Curation Conference, San Francisco, US, </span><strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">February 25 2014</span></strong><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">. </span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Webcast invitation: Open Access Week Idea Swap, 2011;</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Berlin9 Open Access Conference: The impact of Open Access in Research and Scholarship 9-10 November 2011, Washington DC is organised jointly by SPARC, Max Planck Society, Association of Research Libraries, Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Marine Biological Laboratory.</span></p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">The <a href="http://www.arl.org/sparc/meetings/oa12/" target="_blank">SPARC 2012 Open Access meeting</a> will be held March 11-13 2012 at the Kansas City Intercontinental Hotel.</span></p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h4 align="justify" class="western" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">List of Publications</span></h4>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Albert, K (2006) Open access: implications for scholarly publishing and medical libraries J Med Libr Assoc.; 94(3): 253–262.</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Bastian, J et.al (2011) From Teacher to Learner to User: Developing a Digital Stewardship Pedagogy Library Trends, Volume 59 (4) Spring 2011: 607-622 &nbsp;<br  />
DOI: 10.1353/lib.2011.0012</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Björk B-C, Welling P, Laakso M, Majlender P, Hedlund T, et al. (2010) Open Access to the Scientific Journal Literature: Situation 2009. PLoS ONE 5(6): e11273. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011273<br  />
Boissy, R., &amp; Schatz, B. (2011). Scholarly Communications from the Publisher Perspective. Journal of Library Administration, 51(5/6), 476-484. doi:10.1080/01930826.2011.589355 </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">De Bellis, N (2009) Bibliometrics and Citation analysis: From the Science Citation Index to Cybernetics. Scarecrow Press: Lanham, MD</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Gargouri Y, Hajjem C, Larivière V, Gingras Y, Carr L, et al. (2010) Self-Selected or Mandated, Open Access Increases Citation Impact for Higher Quality Research. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13636. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0013636</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Dazey, M., &amp; Parks, B. (2010) Thoughts on Open Access: An Interview with Diane Graves. Serials Review, 36(2), 112-115. doi:10.1016/j.serrev.2010.03.002</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Greco, A.N. et.al (2007) The Changing College and University Library Market for University Press Books and Journals: 1997–2004 Journal of Scholarly Publishing, Vol 39, (1) October 2007: 265-296.</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">DOI: 10.1353/scp.2007.0032</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Suber, P (2011) <a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/09-02-11.htm#9/11" target="_blank">Access to dangerous knowledge: reflections on 9/11 ten years later,</a> SPARC Open Access Newsletter, September 2, 2011.</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Suber, P (2011) <a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/02-02-11.htm#taaccct" target="_blank">Another US federal OA mandate,</a> SPARC Open Access Newsletter, February 2, 2011.</span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Suber, P (2006) <a href="http://eprints.rclis.org/6671/" target="_blank">Open Access in the United States</a>, In Open Access: Key Strategic, Technical and Economic Aspects (ed. Neil Jacobs, 2006).<br  />
Suber, P (2011) <a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/01-02-11.htm#2010" target="_blank">Open access in 2010, </a>SPARC Open Access Newsletter, January 2, 2011.<br  />
Suber, P <a href="http://www.earlham.edu/%7Epeters/fos/newsletter/archive.htm" target="_blank">SPARC Open Access Newsletter</a> (online newsletter offering news, information and debate on OA issues; updated monthly)<br  />
Utter, T &amp; Holley, R. P (2009). The Scholarly Communication Process within the University Research Corridor (Michigan State University, the University of Michigan, and Wayne State University): A Case Study in Cooperation. Resource Sharing &amp; Information Networks, 20(1/2), 3-17. Doi: 10.1080/07377790903018444 </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Van der Veer Martens, B Approaching the Anti-Collection Library Trends, Volume 59, (4) Spring 2011: 568-587 DOI: 10.1353/lib.2011.0021 </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Vrana, R. (2011) Digital repositories and the future of preservation and use of scientific Informatologia, 44(1), 55-62. </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Young, P. (2009). Open access dissemination challenges: a case study. OCLC Systems &amp; Services, 25(2), 93-104. Doi: 10.1108/10650750910961893 </span></p>

<p align="justify" style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; line-height: 120%"><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 0);">Wagner, A. B (2009) A&amp;I, Full Text, and Open Access: Prophecy from the Trenches Learned Publishing, Vol 22, (1) January 2009:&nbsp; 73-74.</span></p>

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